IPv4 Addressing-Details :

IPv4 Address Structure :

Binary Representation : Each octet is an 8-bit binary number (Example 192 = 11000000, 168 = 10101000, 1 = 00000001, 1 = 00000001).

Full Example: 192.168.1.1 in binary is 11000000.10101000.00000001.00000001.

Parts of IP Address :

Network Portion: Identifies the network a device belongs to.

Host Portion: Identifies a specific device within that network.

The division between network and host portions is determined by a subnet mask.

Subnet Masks :

A subnet mask specifies which part of the IP address is the network portion and which is the host portion. Also the subnet mask tells us the class of an IP address.

Default Subnet Mask per Class :

Class A - 255.0.0.0 /8

Class B - 255.255.0.0 /16

Class C - 255.255.255.0 /24